番茄采摘机器人机械结构设计.doc
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- 番茄 采摘 机器人 机械 结构设计
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1、题 目: 番茄采摘机器人机械结构设计 摘 要摘要近年来,大量的机器人应用于农业生产中,特别是在农业生产过程,是农业向自动化和智能化发展的标志。同时,世界各国面临着人口老龄化问题,劳动力不足将逐渐变为现实,更重要的是收获作业劳动强度大,研究果实收获机器人具有重要意义1。亟待研发一种全自动的智能化采摘机器人,并且此机器人能够这正实现投入农业劳作中,适应农业环境复杂的环境,为果农减轻负担提高采摘效率。番茄采摘机器人的采摘系统主要由机械臂、末端执行器、移动机构(行走系统)、视觉系统以及控制系统构成2。本课题通过研究国内外农业采摘机器人技术状况,确定番茄采摘机器人手腕和末端执行器的结构尺寸,设计螺旋回转
2、型型平移式夹持器,使其具有良好的夹持和包络性能,机械手臂自由度的确定使其能满足达到空间任意一点,并进行组成整体的关键部件的选择和强度校验。包括电机、轴承、蜗轮蜗杆、直齿锥齿轮、丝杠的选型以及它们的校验。最终在满足设计要求和采摘效率的情况下,进行番茄采摘机器人的制造成本经济性分析,尽量满足达到量产化的要求,争取早日实现番茄采摘机器人商业化。关键词:采摘机器人;机械臂;末端执行器AbstractIn recent years, a large number of robots have been used in agricultural production, especially in the
3、process of facility agricultural production, which is a sign of the development of agriculture towards automation and intelligence. At the same time, countries all over the world are facing the problem of aging population. The shortage of labor force will gradually become a reality. More importantly
4、, the harvesting operation is of great labor intensity. It is of great significance to study fruit harvesting robots. There is an urgent need to develop a fully automatic intelligent picking robot, and this robot can be put into agricultural work, adapt to the complex environment of agriculture, red
5、uce the burden of fruit farmers and improve picking efficiency. The picking system of Tomato Picking Robot is mainly composed of manipulator, end effector, mobile mechanism (walking system), vision system and control system. Through studying the technical status of agricultural picking robots at hom
6、e and abroad, the structural dimensions of wrist and end-effector of tomato picking robots are determined, and a spiral rotary translational gripper is designed to make it have good gripping and envelope performance. The determination of the degree of freedom of the manipulator arm can satisfy any p
7、oint in space, and the selection and strength of the key components constituting the whole are made. Degree check. Including the selection of motor, bearing, worm, spur bevel gear, screw and their calibration. Finally, under the condition of meeting the design requirements and picking efficiency, th
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