超声波检测缺陷高度的方法讨论.doc
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- 超声波 检测 缺陷 高度 方法 讨论
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1、XX大学毕业设计(论文)题 目: 超声波检测缺陷高度的方法讨论学 院: 测试与光电工程学院专业名称: 测控技术与仪器班级学号: 学生姓名: 指导教师: 二Oxx年 六 月 声波检测缺陷高度的方法讨论摘要:由断裂力学可知,在评估零件是否会因某处缺陷而失效时,缺陷的自身高度与其距工件表面的距离都是非常重要的关键因素。本文主要对确定缺陷的自身高度的几种方法进行讨论。常用的检测方法有6dB法,端点衍射法,端点反射法。此外还有当量法与表面波法等。6dB曲法是超声测量缺陷长度的传统方法,也能够用来检测高度。其易于掌握,但适用范围有局限且误差较大。端点反射法是通过测量声波入射到裂纹顶端所产生的回波声程差来测
2、定裂纹高度的,精度比较高。端点衍射法是本文着重探究的方法,选择三处不同尺寸的垂直于表面的开口缺陷,并在开口同侧面与异侧面分别进行测量,并用6dB法对同一缺陷进行验证。端点衍射法的难度较高,测量缺陷深度的基本原理是波的衍射,当超声波能量传播到缺陷端部时,其中所产生的衍射波会和其端点反射波一同被探头接收,在显示屏上衍射波可以通过反射波来确定,即位于端点反射波旁的第一个小波为衍射波。确定缺陷两端点所产生的衍射波后,通过测量它们之间的延迟时间差值,可计算得出缺陷自身高度。但若衍射波与反射波在显示屏上过于接近不利于分辨,则难以准确测算。因为随着缺陷自身高度的减小,衍射现象会越弱。可以通过使用高频率的探头
3、,来降低检测的误差。关键词:超声 缺陷高度 6dB法 端点衍射法 端点反射法 Ultrasonic Testing of Height of DefectAbstract:The fracture showed that, in assessing whether the part will fail for some defects, defects of height and distance from the surface of the workpiece is very important key factors. This article mainly to discuss sev
4、eral methods of determine defect height. Detection methods are commonly used by 6dB, endpoint diffraction reflection method endpoint. In addition equivalent method and surface-wave method. 6dB song method is the traditional method of ultrasonic measurement of defect length can also be used to detect
5、 high. It is easy to grasp, but the scope limitations and errors. Endpoint by measuring the acoustic reflection method is the echo of the incident to crack the top acoustic-path difference measurement of crack height, precision is high. Tip diffraction methods are ways of pushing back the paper, cho
6、ose three perpendicular to the surface-breaking defects in various sizes and opening with sides measuring with different sides, respectively, and 6dB method to verify the same defect. Endpoint method of degree of difficulty is high, measuring defect depth is the basic principle of wave diffraction,
7、when ultrasonic energy transmitted to the defect at the end, the diffraction of waves reflected waves received by the probe and its ends, diffraction-wave can be determined by reflection on the display, namely first located close to end reflection Wavelet for diffracted wave. After you determine the
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