基于单片机的机械手运动控制设计.doc
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- 基于 单片机 机械手 运动 控制 设计
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1、摘 要机械手是近几十年发展起来的一种高科技自动生产设备。工业机械手也是工业机器人的一个重要分支。它的特点是可以通过编程来完成各种预期的作业,在构造和性能上兼有人和机器各自的优点,尤其体现在人的智能和适应性。机械手作业的准确性和环境中完成作业的能力,在国民经济领域有着广泛的发展空间。机械手的结构形式开始比较简单,专用性较强。随着工业技术的发展,制成了能够独立的按程序控制实现重复操作,适用范围比较广的“程序控制通用机械手”,简称通用机械手。由于通用机械手能很快的改变工作程序,适应性较强,所以它在不断变换生产品种的中小批量生产中获得广泛的引用。 机械手技术涉及到电子、机械学、自动控制技术、传感器技术
2、和计算机技术等科学领域,是一门跨学科综合技术。随着工业自动化发展的需要,机械手在工业应用中越来越重要。本设计以AT89C51单片机为核心,采用L298电机控制芯片达到控制直流电机的启停、速度和方向,完成了机械手基本要求和发挥部分的要求。在机械手设计中,采用了PWM技术对电机进行控制,通过对占空比的计算达到精确调速的目的。关键词:机械手;AT89C51单片机;L298电机控制芯片;电机控制。Abstract A robot is developed in recent decades a high-tech automated production equipment. Industrial r
3、obots is an important branch of industrial robots. It features can be programmed to perform a variety of jobs expected in the structure and performance of the respective merits of both people and machines, particularly evident in human intelligence and adaptability. The accuracy of manipulators and
4、the environments ability to complete the job in the field of the national economy has a broad space for development. Starting the robot structure is relatively simple, highly specific.With the development of industrial technology, made by program control can be achieved independent of repeated opera
5、tions, and broad scope of the Program Control Universal Manipulator,referred universal manipulator.Because generic robot can quickly change the working procedures, adaptability, so it is constantly changing variety of small batch production to obtain a wide range of references. Robotic technologies
6、related to electronics, mechanics, automatic control technology, sensor technology and computer technology and other scientific fields, is a multidisciplinary integrated technology. With the needs of the development of industrial automation, robots and more important in industrial applications. The
7、design AT89C51 microcontroller as the core, using L298 motor control chip to control the DC motor start and stop, speed and direction, completing the basic requirements and Manipulator play a part requirements.In the Manipulator design, using a PWM motor control technology, through the calculation o
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