寻线搬运机器人模型及其控制系统设计.doc
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- 搬运 机器人 模型 及其 控制系统 设计
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1、摘 要近年来,随着机器人技术的发展,移动机器人轨迹跟踪问题受到了人们越来越多的关注。前轮转向、后轮驱动的轮式类车移动机器人与四轮汽车的运动学模型相近,因此对轮式类车移动机器人的轨迹跟踪控制问题的研究在汽车自动驾驶、智能交通等方面具有重要的意义。自动引导机器人技术可用于无人驾驶汽车,无人工厂、仓库及服务机器人等领域。本文详细介绍了基于51单片机的巡线机器人设计,其主要包括超声波检测模块、红外巡线检测、电动机调速驱动以及搬用机械手模块。该系统在单片机的控制下,采集、存储、处理巡线系统输入的数字信号,并通过驱动系统来控制直流电机,使机器人按照预设的路线行走及搬运物体。该系统使用反射式红外传感器识别与
2、地面颜色差别较大的引导线信息,采用L298H桥驱动电路和PWM波调速方法控制行走电机。给出了系统调试方法并分析了试验数据,讨论了提升系统性能的必要手段,实现了机器人的自动巡线功能。本设计采用以AT89C51单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。整个电路采用模块化设计,由主程序、预置子程序、发射子程序、接收子程序模块组成。探头的信号经单片机综合分析处理,实现超声波测距的功能。在此基础上设计了系统的总体方案,最后通过硬件和软件实现了各个功能模块。相关部分附有硬件电路图、程序流程图。关键词:机器人;巡线;光电三极管;PWM波;51单片机;超声波Abstra
3、ct With the development of robot technology,the trajectorytracking problem ofmobile robot is paid more and more attentionA wheeled car-like mobile robot,which is steered by two front wheel sand driven by two real wheels,has similar kinematic model to that of a four-wheel carSo the study on the traje
4、ctory-tracking problem of the wheeled car-like mobile robot is significant for automatic drive of car as well as intelligent transportation Automatic Guided robot technology can be used for unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned factories, warehouses and service robots, and other fields. This paper desc
5、ribes Line-tracking robot design on the base of the 51. Its main module include: photoelectric detection module ultrasonic measurement detection and line patrols and infrared detection, Motor-driven, human-machine interfaces. Under the control of the single-chip microcomputer subsystem, the system c
6、an collect, save and process the digital signal from the line-tracking system, then controls the motor through the driving system, and with the system robot can move according to reinstalling tracking. The system uses infrared reflectance sensor identification with the ground vary greatly in color l
7、ine guide information, Drivers using L298H bridge circuit and PWM control methods wave speed motor running. Commissioning is a systematic method of analysis and test data, discussed the upgrade system performance necessary means, the robots automatic line-tracking function.At the core of the design
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