敲鼓机器人驱动控制部分的设计.doc
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- 机器人 驱动 控制 部分 设计
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1、摘 要本文依据2009全国大学生机器人电视大赛的要求完成一个击鼓机器人。机器人设计包括机械架构的设计、电路硬件的设计和软件系统设计,最终击鼓机器人能够实现自主识别上轿、下轿和敲鼓的功能。本次设计主要完成有三方面工作。机械机构:机器人的底盘架构选择了轮式差速驱动;敲鼓机构通过好多种方案的比较和试验,选取鱼竿加气压的方式,能够既快又准确地实现一次性敲鼓。电路硬件设计:根据控制的要求,选定ATME公司AVR系列微处理器ATmega16作为控制处理核心。电机的驱动采用MLDS3810直流伺服驱动器,运用先进的伺服驱动系统进行控制。同时在敲鼓机器人身上安装了多个传感器,以便在运行时实现位置的参考和矫正。
2、软件设计:机器人的转向是通过程序设定两个电机速度差来实现,其速度控制采用脉宽调制的方法。而脉宽调制法的优点是方便地实现对机器人的行走路线及行走速度的控制。在敲鼓机器人的自适应调节方面,采用了经典的PID算法,通过多次试验调整合适的参数,实现了敲鼓机器人运行的平衡性、稳定性。关键词:敲鼓机器人;AVR单片机;PID算法;伺服驱动系统AbstractIn this paper, based on 2009 National Championship of college students require television robot to complete a drumming robot.R
3、obot design in general, including the design of mechanical structure, circuit design of hardware and software system design, and ultimately beat the robot to achieve self-recognition Onto the chair, and beat drums and downto the chair function.The design of the major work done the following three as
4、pects:Mechanical body: Robot we have chosen the chassis frame and wheel differential drive; Beat drums and a good variety of programs through the comparison and testing, to select additional pressure rod means to achieve fast and accurate one-time beat drums.Circuit hardware design: In accordance wi
5、th the requirements of control, ATME companies selected AVR Series ATmega16 microprocessor core as the control. Motor servo drive using MLDS3810 DC drives, servo drives the use of advanced control systems. At the same time, the robot who beat drums and a number of sensors installed in order to achie
6、ve run-time and correct location of the reference.Software design: the robot through the process towards setting the speed difference between the two motors to achieve speed control using pulse width modulation method. Robot through the process of turning the two motor speed settings to achieve poor
7、, the speed control using pulse width modulation method. The advantages of pulse width modulation method is convenient to routes on the robot and the control of walking speed. In the beat drums and adaptive robots, the use of the classical PID algorithm, through the appropriate tests to adjust the p
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