外文原文-模具设计与制造.pdf

1、Menges G.,P.Mohren,How to Make Injection MoldsM.German:Hanser Publishers,1993,100-112.Mold design and manufactureThe mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation,in ourcountry,themoldmanufacturebelongstothespecialpurposeequipmentmanufacturing industry.China although very already sta

2、rts to make the mold and theuse mold,but long-term has not formed the industry.Straight stabs 0 centuries 80slater periods,the Chinese mold industry only then drives into the developmentspeedway.Recent years,not only the state-owned mold enterprise had the very bigdevelopment,the three investments e

3、nterprise,the villages and towns(individual)themold enterprises development also quite rapid.Although the Chinese mold industrialdevelopment rapid,but compares with the demand,obviously falls short of demand,its main gap concentrates precisely to,large-scale,is complex,the long life molddomain.As a

4、result of in aspect and so on mold precision,life,manufacture cycle andproductivity,China and the international average horizontal and the developedcountry still had a bigger disparity,therefore,needed massively to import the moldevery year.The Chinese mold industry except must continue to sharpen t

5、heproductivity,from now on will have emphatically to the profession internal structureadjustment and the state-of-art enhancement.The structure adjustment aspect,mainlyis the enterprise structure to the specialized adjustment,the product structure to centerthe upscale mold development,to the import

6、and export structure improvement,center the upscale automobile cover mold forming analysis and the structureimprovement,the multi-purpose compound mold and the compound processing andthe laser technology in the mold design manufacture application,the high-speedcutting,the superfinishing and polished

7、 the technology,the information directiondevelops.The recent years,the mold profession structure adjustment and the organizationalreform step enlarges,mainly displayed in,large-scale,precise,was complex,the longlife,center the upscale mold and the mold standard letter development speed is higherthan

8、 the common mold product;The plastic mold and the compression casting moldproportion increases;Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increase;The three investments and the private enterprise develops rapidly;The joint stocksystem transformation step speeds up and so on.Distributes f

9、rom the area looked,take Zhujiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast coastal areadevelopment quickly to mid-west area,south development quickly to north.At present develops quickest,the mold produces the most centralized province isGuangdong and Zhejiang,places such as Jiangsu,Shangh

10、ai,Anhui and Shandong alsohas a bigger development in recent years.Although our country mold total quantityhad at present achieved the suitable scale,the mold level also has the very bigenhancement,after but design manufacture horizontal overall rise and fall industrydeveloped country and so on Yu D

11、e,America,date,France,Italy many.The currentexistence question and the disparity mainly display in following several aspects:(1)The total quantity falls short of demand Domestic mold assembling oneselfrate only,about 70%.Low-grade mold,center upscale mold assembling oneself rateonly has 50%about.(2)

12、The enterprise organizational structure,the product structure,the technicalstructure and the import and export structure does not gather Iin our country moldproduction factory to be most is from the labor mold workshop which producesassembles oneself(branch factory),from produces assembles oneself t

13、he proportionto reach as high as about 60%,but the overseas mold ultra 70%is the commoditymold.The specialized mold factory mostly is large and complete,small and entireorganization form,but overseas mostly is small but,is specially small and fine.Domestic large-scale,precise,complex,the long life m

14、old accounts for the totalquantity proportion to be insufficient 30%,but overseas in 50%above 2004 years,ratio of the mold import and export is 3.7:1,the import and export balances the afternet import volume to amount to 1.32 billion US dollars,is world mold net importquantity biggest country.(3)The

15、 mold product level greatly is lower than the international standard Theproduction cycle actually is higher than the international water broad product levellow mainly to display in the mold precision,cavity aspect and so on surfaceroughness,life and structure.(4)Develops the ability badly,economic e

16、fficiency unsatisfactory our countrymold enterprise technical personnel proportion low The level is lower,also does nottake the product development,frequently is in the passive position in the market.Ourcountryeachmoldstaffaverageyearcreationoutputvalueapproximately,ten thousand US dollars,overseas mold industry developed countrymostly 15 to10,000 US dollars,some reach as high as 25 to10,000 US dollars,relativeis our country quite part of molds enterprises also continues to use the workshop type