外文翻译-锚杆支护技术发展前景与制约因素.doc

1、附录ABolting support technology development prospect andrestricting factorsAbstract This paper introduces coal bolting support technology development in the three stages and expand the scope of application, discusses the five bolt supporting technology and design method of the development direction of

2、 four, analyzed bolting support technology development speed and level of four factors.Bolting support technology abroad in 1905 America began building improvements started using spray technology, 1911 Germany first underground tunnels in 1924, the spray the Soviet unions applied ore buss bolt-shotc

3、rete support. In the early 1950s, Germany, Switzerland and the efficient production of jet, and adopted SuNingJi. Then, with anchoring bolt support in Austria and Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Canada, Britain, France, the United States and Australia etc underground engineering is being widel

4、y used. At present, to anchor supporting technology research and application are the most active in Australia.1 Bolting support technology development and application scope1.1 Three of the bolt supporting technology development stage Chinese coal mines to try anchor, began in 1955 in test line and a

5、 flat shotcrete ore testing spray, and bolt-shotcrete support, this is our country bolting support technology development stage. This one phase in cement mortar anchor rope represented, anchor bolt plate, no contact between lack. In this case, the anchor role plays, passive suspension only together

6、with the surrounding bearing instead. Because this kind of anchor blind alley, application scope, actually destroyed part of roof caving hindered the development of bolting support. At age 80-90, due to the country five-year and eighth-five-year key will bolting support for soft failure roadway unde

7、r high ground stress is one of the main direction of the bolt supporting technology, a new development, to bring into the anchor nets and anchor beam combination bolting support network representatives. This one phase in cement type of anchor bolt, paper steel reinforced anchor paper resin has also

8、started using the anchoring bolt, not only increased tail plate and nuts, but also in the soft and conditions increased metal net and shotcrete layer, and the dynamic pressure effect with further increases steel girder and reinforced ladder, form or combined bolting support system, and by plane comb

9、ination development space, whole supporting structure form combination anchor bolt, then not only system of suspension action, more important is to play combination, and composite arch or supporting effect significantly enhanced, which makes the anchor beam nets, express, anchor with nets and anchor

10、 nets etc steel ladder of anchor combined support form extensively, specific purposes and concrete structure forms of anchor emerge in endlessly, such as China mining university developed extrusion type and casing tensile bolt and friction can type rod body can stretch anchor, northeast industrial u

11、niversity developed the anchor bolt, stretching out type can be developed mining college xi stem body can tensile bolt serpents, changchun MeiYan have developed a spring of tensile bolt, etc. In addition, the combined with the anchor bolt grouting bolt with small diameter and injection of small diam

12、eter drill, medicine and small diameter anchor as the main characteristics of the three small new technology of smooth blast support. Anchor bolt in combination with anchor beam and tension as level without pre-tightening force, based on the combination of horizontal bars appeared on the new combina

13、tion of prestressing force bolt support form - bin frame anchor. This is the bolt supporting technology to a new stage of development - prestressed anchor bolting system phase, the products are mainly three kinds, namely disjunctive plane anchor bolt, water and rose type tubular anchor bolt, these t

14、hree are good transverse prestressing and certain prestressed, its supporting effect for mine has proved that support. On the transverse prestressing anchor, enough prestressed is indispensable. Australian research proof of the prestressed anchorage, when to 60-70kN above, can prevent of roof sinks,

15、 basically adopts the high strength for mm in diameter (thick) will span anchor bolt and resin steel plate frictional reducing device is developed.1.2 Scope of applicationAs for bolting support mechanism of deepening and supporting technology development, China coal mine of the bolt supporting appli

16、cation scope has been expanded from rock to rock, from complete stability of soft rock strata extended to a broken unstable, from small to large cross-section seciton tunnel extended into the room and residential towers, new nechanics tunneling lane to expand the old alley repair, from development roadway under pressure to expand the influence in tunnels. At present, especially in roadway bolting support rapid development.2 Bolting support technology developmen