1、翻译部分英文原文OPERATIONS MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF AN UNDERGROUND COAL MINE Kanna Miwa Soemon Takakuwa Nagoya Gakuin University Faculty of Commerce 1-25 Atsutanishimachi, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 456-8612, JAPAN. Nagoya University Graduate School of Economics and Business Ad- ministration, Furo-cho, Chiku
2、sa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, JAPAN ABSTRACT In general, it is quite difficult to describe and model operations and conveyance systems precisely in un- derground coal mines because of geological components, poor visibility, unreliable installed facilities, and difficult work conditions. In this st
3、udy, a simulation model of an operations and materials handling system for an underground coal mine was built to investigate the relationship between the coal output and materials handling systems, which includes specifications for the facilities and the buffer space for the storage bin underground.
4、 It was found that it is possible to find the bottleneck of a conveyance system to determine more efficient mining and conveyance methods by performing a simulation. 1 INTRODUCTION Underground mining is a dangerous industry because of geological disasters, poor visibility, workplace hazards, and dif
5、ficult work conditions .The mining industry is aware of the need to improve productivity continually. This improvement can be achieved by introducing improved and more efficient mining methods, optimizing production for a given set of resources, and improving mine design and equipment selection. Sit
6、e mining engineers face decisions in design, planning, production, development, and operations, and the full implications of each choice are neither clear nor quantified. The benefits to a mine with a formal decision support model are significant (Hoare and Willis 1992). The problems facing the indu
7、stry are growing in both size and complexity. Production is time dependent, and work practices not only reduce production but also enforce inefficient use of expensive capital equipment. Simulation can be used to aid management in making decisions related to daily production and capital expenditure.
8、 Underground mines often face uncertainty in production planning associated with diverse sources such as grade distribution, ground conditions, equipment reliability, infrastructure needs and extraction method performance. Despite their best planning efforts, such operating uncertainty needs to be c
9、ounter-balanced by integrating a contingency plan to enhance flexibility in mine plants (Kazakidis and Scoble 2003). The development, demonstration and implementation of a virtual reality simulation have been described for coal mining industries (Stothard, Galvin, and Fowler 2004). From the standpoi
10、nt of occupational health and safety management, virtual reality simulations were developed to provide more effective education, training and assessment. Virtual reality simulations enable trainees to experience a range of real situations that they may otherwise not encounter prior to a critical eve
11、nt (Zhao, Lucas, and Thabet 2009; Zhou and Guo 2011). Modeling and simulation of particle size distribution and exploratory tools for real mining equipment operator activities have been studied (Harper and Harper 1998; Larinkari, Kaartinen, and Miettunen 2004). System dynamics models have been intro
12、duced to build a model of underground coal mines (Coyle 1985). Regarding open pit mining, LP-based disaggregation approaches to solve production scheduling problem have been proposed (Boland et al. 2009). In addition, the use of operation process simulation for Six Sigma Projects has been introduced
13、 to illustrate the process to define, measure, analyze and improve the current process (Chinbat and Takakuwa 2008). In this study, a simulation model was constructed and used to examine the performance of an underground coal mine. The conveyance system from the longwall mining site to ground facilit
14、ies comprises scraper chain conveyors, a storage bin, and the main-shaft skips. The relationship between mining speed and the velocity of the main-shaft skips was examined in conjunction with the inventory of the coal storage bin underground. 2 UNDERGROUND COAL MINING AND OPERATIONS Technological ad
15、vancements have made coal mining more productive than it has ever been. To keep up with technology and to extract coal as efficiently as possible, modern mining personnel must be highly skilled and well-trained in the use of complex, state-of-the-art instruments and equipment. Coal is mined by two m
16、ethods: surface, or open pit, mining and underground, or deep, mining. There are two main methods of underground mining: room-and-pillar and longwall mining. Self-advancing, hydraulically- powered supports temporarily hold up the roof while coal is extracted (Japan Coal Energy Center 2010). In this study, underground coal mining with the longwall shearer is examined. An overview of the coal mine is shown in Figure 1. The longwall shear
