1、摘 要高频变压器是在传统电力变压器的基础上引入电力电子变换技术的一种新型的智能电力变压器。高频变压器具有重量轻、体积小、空载损耗低、输出电压幅值恒定和电压可控性高等优点，将其应用于电力系统后，能够改善电能质量，提高电力系统的稳定性，对现代电力发展具有重要意义。本文主要对以下内容进行了研究：高频变压器基本原理是电磁感应原理，通过电力电子的变换，完成电压变换和能量传递。具有AC/AC和AC/DC/AC两种拓扑形式，其中AC/DC/AC拓扑形式具有一种含直流环节的典型结构。高频变压器的设计制作过程中，磁芯选材一般选用磁导率和电阻率较高的锰锌铁氧体。设计方法一般采用AP设计方法，设计过程中要注意分布参
2、数的影响。制作流程主要包括绕线、缠线、套管、理线、焊锡和组合等工序。本文设计的高频变压器为包括输入级、隔离级和输出级的双直流结构高频变压器。原理流程为工频交流输入经三相全控整流器变换为直流，再通过一个单相全桥逆变电路被调制成为高频方波后加载至中间变压器；耦合到变压器二次侧后，高频方波被整流成直流电压，再逆变为所需的交流输出。输入级为三相桥式PWM整流器，采用电压型PWM整流电路，并对电路控制方法进行了研究。隔离级为高频全桥变换器，输出1KHz的高频方波。输出级为电压型三相桥式逆变电路，对脉冲的宽度进行了系列调制，获得了所需要的波形。对本文设计的1KHz高频变压器进行了MATLAB/Simuli
3、nk仿真研究。结果表明，原边电压电流经滤波后，波形接近正弦波，满足实验要求。副边通过高频变压器完成从1KV到220V的降压，电压、电流基本稳定且相位相同，传输稳定。验证了本研究方案的有效性。为验证高频变压器原方PWM整流及模块串联特性，对高频变压器实验系统主电路硬件和控制系统进行了设计。关键词：高频变压器；拓扑结构；Matlab仿真；AbstractHigh-frequency transformer is a kind of new intelligent power voltage device, through introducing power electronic transform
4、 technique in traditional power transformer. The high-frequency transformer has the remarkable characteristics of small size, lightweight, low no-load loss, constant output voltage amplitude, good voltage controllability. It can improves the quality of electric energy and the stability of power syst
5、em, applied in power system , and has important significance for the development of modern power. The major results of this study are as follow: Basic Principles of high-frequency transformer is a theory of electromagnetic induction, which realized the voltage regulation and power transmission volta
6、ge conversion by power electronic conversion. There are two topology structures of AC/AC and AC/DC/AC in high-frequency transformer, among them AC/DC/AC topology structures has a typical structure of DC-Link.In a general way, Mn-Zn ferrite with high permeability and resistivity were used as magnetic
7、 core material in design and manufacture of high-frequency transformer. Its AP design requires that the designers are attention to the effect of distributed parameters, the manufacturing process of which mainly includes wound rotor asynchronous, kinking, casing, finishing line, solder and combinatio
8、n. High-frequency transformer was designed as a double DC (Direct Current) structure containing match devices, import devices and export devices. The work mechanism is that industrial Frequency AC (Alternating current) exportation changed into DC with a three phase whole-controlled rectifier, and th
9、en a one phase whole-bridged Inverter Circuit was transformed into High frequency square wave to load in transformer. Coupling the transformer to the side back, High-frequency square wave was Rectified into DC, and then converted to required AC.The import devices is three phares bridge-like PWM (Pul
10、se Width Modulation), according to the research of the method of electric control,match devices is High-frequency whole-controlled rectifier, export 1KHz High-frequency square wave. The export devices is voltage source three phase bridge-like Inverter Circuit, the width of pulse was manipulated to o
11、btain the required wave.Based on the MATLAB/Simulink mimic analysis of 1KHz High-frequency transformer, after original side voltage and Current is filtered, the wave is close to Sine Wave. The back side was declined from 1KV to 220V by a High-frequency transformer, the voltage and electric current w
12、ere same and stable, transduction smoothly.To verify the original side PWM and module tandem characteristics of high-frequency transformer, we have designed the Circuit hardware and control system of high-frequency transformer. Based on the MATLAB/Simulink mimic analysis of 1KHz High-frequency trans
13、former, after original side voltage and Current is filtered, the wave is close to Sine Wave. The back side was declined from 1KV to 220V by a High-frequency transformer, the voltage and electric current were same and stable, transduction smoothly. To verify the original side PWM and module tandem ch
14、aracteristics of high-frequency transformer, we have designed the Circuit hardware and control system of high-frequency transformer.Key Word: High-frequency transformer；Topology；Matlab simulation；目 录1 绪论11.1课题研究的背景和意义11.1.1高频变压器研究的背景11.1.2高频变压器概念及分类21.2国内外发展现状31.3 本研究的意义及主要任务41.3.1研究意义41.3.2主要任务42 高
15、频变压器工作原理与拓扑结构52.1工作原理52.1.1基本原理52.1.2 AC/AC型高频变压器52.1.3 AC/DC/AC型高频变压器72.2拓扑结构82.2.1 buck型高频变压器拓扑结构82.2.2 交-交-交型高频变压器92.2.3交-直-交-直-交型高频变压器93 高频变压器设计与制作93.1高频变压器的设计93.1.1材料选择93.1.2设计方法113.1.3分布参数123.2高频变压器的制作153.2.1绕线153.2.2缠线153.2.3套管153.2.4铜片绕制153.2.5理线163.2.6焊锡163.2.7组合164 高频变压器的电路控制及建模仿真164.1高频变压器的基本结构164.2 输入级电路及控制方式174.2.1 PWM整流器的结构174.2.2 PWM整流器控制204.3隔离级电路及控制方式224.3.1 中间变压器224.3.2 隔离级控制方式244.4 输出级电路及控制方式254.4.1 输出级的结构254.4.2 PWM控制的基本原理274.4.3 逆变电路控制方式284.5 建模仿真及结果分析314.5.1 MATLAP/Simulink简介314.5.2 建模仿真及分析325 高频变压器实验系统硬件设计与实现355.1主电路硬件电路设计355.2控制系统设计365.2.1 下位机375.2.2 上位机375.2.3 触发电路37
