1、摘要空气除湿是一门涉及多个学科的综合性技术,目前已被广泛应用于仪器仪表、生物、环保、纺织、冶金、化工、石化、原子能、航空、航天等领域,并将日益在工业、农业、国防、医疗、商业和日常生活中发挥巨大的作用。常用的空气除湿技术主要有冷却除湿、吸附除湿和吸收除湿。除湿机的除湿能力在大余湿和对湿度有特殊要求的场合表现逾益突出，其中冷冻调温除湿机又以大除湿量、出风温度可调的特点, 越来越受到设计人员和用户的青睐。本课题研究的就是调温除湿机设计。冷冻除湿的方法是在制冷系统中使蒸发器的表面温度低于露点温度，湿空气经过蒸发器就会冷凝为水析出，而使空气得到干燥。调温除湿机有两个冷凝器：一个水冷冷凝器，一个风冷冷凝器
2、。调温除湿机工作原理：经压缩机排出的制冷剂气体首先经过水冷冷凝器换热，换热后的制冷剂再经过风冷冷凝器冷凝后依次经过贮液罐、干燥过滤器，然后进入蒸发器，吸收外部空气热量，蒸发变成低压制冷剂蒸汽，再被压缩机吸入压缩，从而完成一个制冷循环。湿空气通过蒸发器冷却，温度降低至露点温度以下，析出凝结水，使空气含湿量降低，经过风冷冷凝器之后，湿空气被等湿加热后通过风机排出，排出的空气温度升高，相对湿度降低 当须要调温时，冷却水带走一部分冷凝负荷，被冷却除湿后的空气经过风冷冷凝器带走剩余的冷凝负荷，根据回风温度调节冷却水流量，以调节风冷冷凝器所承担的冷凝负荷来达到调温目的。空气除湿机按结构与功能可分为三部分:
3、制冷循环部分、空气循环部分、电气控制部分。制冷循环主要是由压缩机吸入蒸发器来的低温、低压制冷剂、压缩后形成高温、高压气体，然后经过冷凝和节流变成低温、低压液体进入蒸发器，蒸发吸热后成为低温、低压气体回到压缩机。如此循环往复将潮湿的水分凝聚出来。空气循环部分由进风口、出风口、离心风机、风道组成。湿空气在风机的吸引下与蒸发器表面接触进行热交换。由于蒸发器表面温度较低, 经过滤的湿空气被冷却、去湿后水分就冷凝聚下来，冷却、去湿后的空气经冷凝器加热后再由离心风机送出机外。电气控制部分控制电源的开关闭合、压缩机和风机同时得电开始工作。本课题的研究采用理论计算，主要进行了系统的热平衡计算，即湿空气处理I摘
4、要的计算和制冷压缩循环热力计算，从而确定冷凝器、蒸发器负荷及进、出口温度，然后完成蒸发器、冷凝器的结构设计，最后确定其外形结构及阻力压力降。本课题在设计中着重考虑了蒸发器、冷凝器的强化传热问题。由于空气侧换热系数很低且对传热系数影响很大，在设计中换热管采用正三角形排列并在管外增加翅片，以强化传热。考虑到蒸发器翅片上会有大量水蒸气凝结，蒸发器翅片采用清水膜处理，便于凝结水的流出。在实际运用中，调温除湿机还存在调温盲区，限制其的使用。在本研究中，该问题还未进一步展开研究。通过本课题的研究，调温除湿机既可以有效的降低房屋内的相对湿度，又可以调节室内的温度，同时还有操作方便、易用的特点。可以看出调温除
5、湿机在人防工程、图书馆、各类仓库、医疗、食品、农业等各行各业都有广泛的应用，对我国国民生活和经济发展都有重要意义，具有良好的应用前景。关键词：除湿机 蒸发器 冷凝器 压缩机Abstract Air dehumidification is a multiple discipline comprehensive technology, has been widely used in instruments and meters, biological, environmental protection, textile, metallurgical, chemical, petrochemical
6、, atomic energy, aerospace and aviation, etc, and will be increasingly in industry, agriculture, national defense, medical, commercial, and play an enormous role in the daily life.Commonly used air dehumidifying technology mainly include refrigeration dehumidification, desiccant adsorption and absor
7、ption dehumidification.Dehumidifier dehumidification capacity performe very well in some places where have special requirements. With the characteristics of the outlet air temperature is adjustable and large amount of dehumidification the refrigeration air-conditioning dehumidifier get the favour of
8、 designers and users gradually.A kind of thermostat dehumidifier is designed in this paper. Refrigeration dehumidification method is to make the surface temperature of the evaporator be lower than the dew point temperature. At the same time, wet air through the evaporator will condense into water to
9、 precipitation. Temperature-regulated dehumidifier has two condensers: a water-cooled condenser and an air-cooled condenser. Temperature-regulated dehumidifier working principle: by the compressor discharge refrigerant gas first after water-cooling condenser heat transfer, heat transfer of refrigera
10、nt again through the cooled air cooling condenser in turn through a liquid tank, filter drier, and then into the evaporator, absorb the external heat air, evaporation into low pressure refrigerant vapor, and then compressed by the compressor suction, and complete a refrigeration cycle.Humid air thro
11、ugh the evaporator cooling, the temperature drops to below the dew point temperature, precipitation water, make the air moisture content reduce, after air cooled condensing units, such as wet air is wet after heating through the fan, exhaust air temperature, relative humidity reduced when need air-c
12、onditioning, cooling water take away part of the cooling load, after cooling dehumidification air through air cooling condenser take away the rest of the cooling load, according to the return air temperature to adjust cooling water flow rate, to adjust the air cooling condenser to the cooling load t
13、o achieve temperature adjustment.Air dehumidification machine according to the structure and function can VIIabstractbe divided into three parts: refrigeration cycle parts, air circulation and electrical control parts. Refrigeration cycle is mainly by the compressor to suction the low temperature an
14、d low pressure refrigerant from evaporator, compression after high temperature and high pressure gas formation, and then through condensation and throttling to low temperature, low pressure liquid into the evaporator, after evaporation heat become low temperature and low pressure gas back to the com
15、pressor. Cycling to wet air moisture condensation. Air circulation part consists of inlet, outlet, centrifugal fan and air duct. Humid air in fan attract carry on heat exchange with the evaporator surface contact. Due to the evaporator surface temperature is low, wet air is cooled and dehumidificati
16、on by filtering moisture condensation after down, after cooling and dehumidification of air through the condenser heat conversion by centrifugal fan again before sent. Electrical control part, will be closed the power switch, the compressor and fan to start work at the same time.This topic research method is theoretical calculation, mainly on the heat balance calculation in the system, namely wet air treatment of calculation and the refrigerating
