1、摘要空气的相对湿度对我们生活环境的舒适度和生产工艺都有着举足轻重的影响。空气除湿机用于除去空气中所含的水分，以降低空气湿度的机械设备。可广泛应用于旅馆、医院、家庭以及贵重物品保藏、珍贵文物的保管。可防止材料、物品因潮湿而锈蚀等现象而造成损坏。除湿机的除湿能力在大余湿和对湿度有特殊要求的场合表现逾益突出，其中冷冻调温除湿机又以大除湿量、出风温度可调的特点, 越来越受到设计人员和用户的青睐。本课题研究的就是调温除湿机设计。冷冻除湿的方法是在制冷系统中使蒸发器的表面温度低于露点温度，湿空气经过蒸发器就会冷凝为水析出，而使空气得到干燥。调温除湿机有两个冷凝器：一个水冷冷凝器，一个风冷冷凝器。除湿机与空
2、调器其结构大体相同, 包括压缩机、冷凝器、蒸发器, 毛细管、风机等几个主要部件。不同之处在于空调器室内、室外共使用台风机、分别进行热交换。而除湿机由一个风道在风机的作用下湿空气与蒸发器、冷凝器进行热交换。空气除湿机按结构与功能可分为三部分:制冷循环部分、空气循环部分、电气控制部分。制冷循环主要是由压缩机吸入蒸发器来的低温、低压制冷剂、压缩后形成高温、高压气体，然后经过冷凝和节流变成低温、低压液体进入蒸发器，蒸发吸热后成为低温、低压气体回到压缩机。如此循环往复将潮湿的水分凝聚出来。空气循环部分由进风口、出风口、离心风机、风道组成。湿空气在风机的吸引下与蒸发器表面接触进行热交换。由于蒸发器表面温度
3、较低, 经过滤的湿空气被冷却、去湿后水分就冷凝聚下来，冷却、去湿后的空气经冷凝器加热后再由离心风机送出机外。电气控制部分控制电源的开关闭合、压缩机和风机同时得电开始工作。本课题的研究采用理论计算，主要进行了系统的热平衡计算，即湿空气处理的计算和制冷压缩循环热力计算，从而确定冷凝器、蒸发器负荷及进、出口温度，然后完成蒸发器、冷凝器的结构设计，最后确定其外形结构及阻力压力降。本课题在设计中着重考虑了蒸发器、冷凝器的强化传热问题。由于空气侧换热系数很低且对传热系数影响很大，在设计中换热管采用正三角形排列并在管外增加翅片，以强化传热。考虑到蒸发器翅片上会有大量水蒸气凝结，蒸发器翅片采用清水膜处理，便于
4、凝结水的流出。在实际运用中，调温除湿机还存在调温盲区，限制其的使用。在本研究中，该问题还未进一步展开研究。通过本课题的研究，调温除湿机既可以有效的降低房屋内的相对湿度，又可以调节室内的温度，同时还有操作方便、易用的特点。可以看出调温除湿机在人防工程、图书馆、各类仓库、医疗、食品、农业等各行各业都有广泛的应用，对我国国民生活和经济发展都有重要意义，具有良好的应用前景。关键词：除湿机 蒸发器 冷凝器 压缩机VIIAbstractThe relative humidity of the air has a significant impact on our daily life and produc
5、tion technology. Air dehumidification machines are mechanical equipments that were used to remove the water contained in the air to reduce the air humidity . Air dehumidification machines can be widely used in hotels, hospitals, houses and safekeeping of valuables storage or rare cultural relics. Ai
6、r dehumidification machines were used to prevent corrosion damage for the materials. Dehumidifier dehumidification capacity performe very well in some places where have special requirements. With the characteristics of the outlet air temperature is adjustable and large amount of dehumidification the
7、 refrigeration air-conditioning dehumidifier get the favour of designers and users gradually.A kind of frozen adjustable dehumidifier is designed in this paper. Frozen dehumidification method is to make the surface temperature of the evaporator be lower than the dew point temperature. At the same ti
8、me, wet air through the evaporator will condense into water to precipitation. Temperature-regulated dehumidifier has two condensers: a water-cooled condenser and an air-cooled condenser. Dehumidifier and air conditioner is approximately the same structure, including compressor, condenser, evaporator
9、, capillary tube, fan and so on. The air conditioner indoor and outdoor use the same fan and carry out heat transfer respectively. However, the dehumidifier by a duct under the action of fan, carry on wet air heat exchange with the evaporator and condenser. Air dehumidification machine according to
10、the structure and function can be divided into three parts: refrigeration cycle parts, air circulation and electrical control parts. Refrigeration cycle is mainly by the compressor to suction the low temperature and low pressure refrigerant from evaporator, compression after high temperature and hig
11、h pressure gas formation, and then through condensation and throttling to low temperature, low pressure liquid into the evaporator, after evaporation heat become low temperature and low pressure gas back to the compressor. Cycling to wet air moisture condensation. Air circulation part consists of in
12、let, outlet, centrifugal fan and air duct. Humid air in fan attract carry on heat exchange with the evaporator surface contact. Due to the evaporator surface temperature is low, wet air is cooled and dehumidification by filtering moisture condensation after down, after cooling and dehumidification o
13、f air through the condenser heat conversion by centrifugal fan again before sent. Electrical control part, will be closed the power switch, the compressor and fan to start work at the same time.This topic research method is theoretical calculation, mainly on the heat balance calculation in the syste
14、m, namely wet air treatment of calculation and the refrigerating compressor cycle thermodynamic calculation, to determine the load and temperature at the inlet and outlet of the condenser and evaporator, and then complete the evaporator and condenser structural design, and finally determine its appe
15、arance structure and resistance pressure drop.The strengthening of the evaporator and condenser heat transfer problems were considered seriously in the design of this topic. Due to the air side heat transfer coefficient is very low and had a great influence on heat transfer coefficient, so heat exch
16、ange tube used in the design are triangular arrangement and increase outside the tube fin to strengthen the heat transfer. Considering that there will be a large number of water vapor condensation on the evaporator fin, evaporator fin carry on the membrane treatment to facilitate the condensate flow out. In practice, temperature-regulated dehumidifier has temperature limit. In this study, the problem has not yet started to research further.Through this topic r
