1、英文原文Movement characteristics of Karst water in a deep mining areaCHAO Chen-ming1，BAI Hai-bo2，MIAO Xie-xing2,3，YAO Bang-hua3 1China Coal Research Institute，Beijing 100013，China 2State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of MiningTechnology, Xuzhou，Jiangs
2、u221008，China3School of Sciences，China University of MiningTechnology，Xuzhou，Jiangsu 221008,ChinaAbstract：In order to study the movement characteristics of groundwater in a deep mining area and solve the dispute of the distribution rule of hydrochemical zoning which is contradicted by lixiviation wa
3、ter zoning in a horizontal direction, we directed our attention to the source Of degroundwater, its seepage and hydrochemical characteristics in a typical mining areaWe used a neotectonic water-control theory,chemical and isotope methods, as well as a method for analyzing dynamic groundwater conditi
4、ons.The results indicate that 1)Karst water in the deep and medium parts of this mining area is recharged by vertical leakage through neotectonic fractures rather than seepage along strata from subcrop parts or surrounding flows；2)From surface to deep leakage paths, the variation in the types of che
5、mical groundwater agrees with the normal lixiviation water distribution rule and the age of mixed groundwater increases；3)The warer-rich zones along neotectonic fractures correspond with water-diluted zones in a horizontal direction；4)The leakage coefficient and water capacity of aquifers increases
6、during the flow process of Karst water along the antidip direction(from west to east)and 5) Karst water in shallow mining areas forms a strong runoff belt along strikes and quickly dilutes the water from deep and mediuln mining areas. Overall, chemical and dynamic water characteristies actually agre
7、e with in terms of the entire consideration for differences in vertical leakage and abnormalities in the zone of water chemical distribution, along a horizontal runoff directionKeywords：deep mine area；Karst water；vertical leakage；water chemicals；dilution1 Introduction A number of studies demonstrate
8、 that the extent of mineralization of Karst water increases,with its chemical water type changing gradually and regularly from HC03-，Ca2and Mg2to S042-, Ca2，Mg2 and finally to Cl-，Na+，along the direction of flow. However,the opposite phenomenon is found in some mining areasTake the Luan mining area
9、as an example，where precipitation water is the only recharge source for groundwaterBoth the extent of its mineralization and its chemical groundwater type obey the rule，along the dip direction，mentioned above(from east to west)，which seems to indicate that groundwater flows deep into the mining area
10、On the other hand，the flow direction of groundwater should be against the dip direction(from west to east)for the simple reason that the water head in the west is higher than in the eastIn the pastmost exploration and geological studies show that Karst water in this deep mining area is recharged by
11、Karst water from the shallow parts along this stratum or from surrounding flows. As a result, misunderstanding arise. Based on our investigations and studies in this areaover many years，we attempt to demonstrate that the recharge source，channels and chemical type distribution characteristies of deep
12、 Karst water in this mining area agree with the direction of its movement，i.e. from west to east，by studying several aspectsThese aspects include neotectonic fractures and their ability to control water distribution and movement, the dynamic water environment，stable isotopes and radio ones，paths and
13、 conditions of vertical leakage，etc2 Recharge source of deep Karst water and its mode21 Landform characteristics around the basin The Lu-an mining area is located in the Chang-zhi basin which is in the southeast of Shanxi Province and consists of the Wuxiang，Xiangyuan and Changzhi basins，with their
14、central elevation of 900 mThe eastern side of the basin is the western slope of the Taihang MountainThere are many Torso Mountains and loess hills accumulated bv tlle effect of erosion on the eastern side ofthe mining area where the average elevation is between 1000 m and 1200 mThe Taiyue Mountains
15、is situated to the west of the basin. With the elevation 0f its main peak at 2567 m，while the average elevation ofthe surface watershed in this area is between 1600 m and 1800 mIn the south, the Fajiu Mountains separate the Changzhi basin from the Jinclleng basinIn the north，it borders on the Jinzho
16、ng basin through a watershed in the Wuxiang basinThe southern，western and northern sonrce regions of the Zhuozhang River are all in this basin，where rainfall is the only source ofwater recharge for the entire water resonrce in the Changzhi basinBoth surface water and groundwater eventually flow into the Zhuozhang River and then flow out of the Taihang Mountains，without any other river passing through this area Geologically，the
