1、英文翻译原文Characteristics of coal mine ventilation air flowsCSIRO Exploration and Mining, P.O. Box 883, Kenmore, Qld 4069, AustraliaAbstractCoal mine methane (CMM) is not only a greenhouse gas but also a wasted energy resource if not utilised. Underground coal mining is by far the most important source
2、of fugitive methane emissions, and 70% of all coal mining related methane is emitted to the atmosphere through mine ventilation air. Therefore, research and development on mine methane mitigation and utilisation now focuses on methane emitted from underground coal mines, in particular ventilation ai
3、r methane (VAM) capture and utilisation. To date, most work has focused on the oxidation of very low concentration methane. These processes may be classified based on their combustion kinetic mechanisms into thermal oxidation and catalytic oxidation. VAM mitigation/utilisation technologies are gener
4、ally divided into two basic categories: ancillary uses and principal uses. However, it is possible that the characteristics of ventilation air flows, for example the variations in methane concentration and the presence of certain compounds, which have not been reported so far, could make some potent
5、ial VAM mitigation and utilisation technologies unfeasible if they cannot cope with the characteristics of mine site ventilation air flows. Therefore, it is important to understand the characteristics of mine ventilation air flows. Moreover, dust, hydrogen sulphide,sulphur dioxide, and other possibl
6、e compounds emitted through mine ventilation air into the atmosphere are also pollutants. Therefore,this paper presents mine-site experimental results on the characteristics of mine ventilation air flows, including methane concentration and its variations, dust loadings, particle size, mineral matte
7、r of the dust, and other compounds in the ventilation air flows. The paper also discusses possible correlations between ventilation air characteristics and underground mining activities. 2006 Elseier Ltd. All rights reserved.Keywords: Coal mine methane; Greenhouse gas; Waste energy; Dust emission; H
8、ydrogen sulphide; Sulphur dioxide; Characteristic parameters1. IntroductionCoal mine methane (CMM) is not only a greenhouse gas but also a wasted energy resource if not utilised. In 2000, it was estimated that the world total of methane emitted from mine ventilation air was over 237 Mt CO2-e, and th
9、at ventilation air methane (VAM) derived power projects could theoretically create 3GWe of net usable capacity (US EPA, 2003). Underground mining is by far the most important source of fugitive methane emissions, and _70% of all coal mining related methane is emitted through underground mine ventila
10、tion air, rather than as more highly concentrated drainage gas in advance of or immediately after mining (Moore et al., 1998; Sloss, 2005). Therefore, research and development on mine methane mitigation and utilisation now focuses on methane emitted from underground coal mines, especially VAM captur
11、e and utilisation, because (1) it represents most of the methane emission from coal mines; and (2) it is most difficult to capture and use as the air volume is large and the methane resource is dilute and variable in concentration and flow rate. To date, most work has focused on the oxidation of ver
12、y low concentration methane. These processes may be classified based on their combustion kinetic mechanisms into thermal oxidation and catalytic oxidation. VAM mitigation/utilisation technologies are generally divided into two basic categories: ancillary uses and principal uses。No matter what techno
13、logies have been/are being developed for the ancillary and principal uses of VAM, an important issue related to the implementation of these technologies at mine sites has been ignored, namely the characteristics of the mine ventilation air flows. The characteristics, including dust loading, particle
14、 size, mineral matters of the dust, variations in methane concentration and flow rate, and other compounds (H2S and SO2), could make a potentia VAM mitigation and utilisation technology unfeasible if it cannot cope with the characteristics of mine site ventilation air flows. Therefore, it is importa
15、nt to understand the characteristics of mine ventilation air flows. Moreover, dust, H2S, SO2, and other possible compounds emitted through mine ventilation air into the atmosphere are also pollutantsTo gather this information and measure the levels of these emissions, an isokinetic particle sampling
16、 system was specifically designed and constructed, which met coal mine intrinsic safety requirements and suited the mine ventilation air shafts. Field sampling trials at four mines were carried out, and dust and gas samples were analysed using a variety of techniques. This paper presents the mine-site experimental results on characteristics of mine ventilation air flows, including methane concentration and its variations, dust loadings, particle size/distribution, mineral matte
