1、摘 要本设计是粘土心墙土石坝水利枢纽设计。本设计根据碾压式土石坝设计规范和水工隧洞设计规范编写。在对西南某江流域的自然地理，水文气候特性，工程地质等各方面情况分析的基础上，通过调洪演算得到堰顶高程及溢流堰孔口净宽，并得到设计水位及其流量，校核水位及其流量。通过对坝址的地质地形料场位置的分析，定出坝轴线的位置。经过几种比较方案的技术可能性和经济合理性定性分析，其坝型定为心墙土石坝。在此基础上定性地对枢纽总体进行布置。第一主要建筑物的设计工作主要有以下几个方面。通过方案比较，选定坝的结构型式，拟定坝基防渗处理的形式及坝的主要尺寸。通过计算及土料各方面特性的分析确定粘土料场及沙砾料场的选用。选用坝体
2、中间断面和左右坝肩各一断面进行渗流计算，确定渗透流量和逸出水深，并绘制流网图，验算渗透坡降是否满足要求。土石坝易于发生滑动失稳，故要对其稳定性进行计算。使用简单折线法通过编程计算在几种水位工况下上下游坝坡的最小安全系数，与规范比较验证其稳定性。最后拟定坝身构造，包括防渗，排水反滤层设施，坝顶，护坡等。本设计考虑其地理位置等因素确定采用隧洞泄洪。隧洞先确定结构型式及主要尺寸（进口段，平洞段和消能段），进行建筑总体布置。通过隧洞水力计算（主要为能量守恒的水面线计算）最终确定洞身尺寸及结构尺寸。最后对隧洞细部及放空洞进行设计。 土石坝设计是坝工毕业设计的重要内容之一。本设计共历时9周完成。本坝工设计
3、过程中得到了王玲玲老师的指导和帮助，在此致谢。对于本设计中的不妥及错误之处，恳请批评指正。关键词：土石坝 心墙 隧洞 水面线AbstractThe design is clay core embankment dam design Water Control Project. According to the design of roller compacted earth dam design specifications and Code for Design of hydraulic tunnel to prepare. In the southwest of the physical
4、geography of a river, hydro-climatic characteristics, such as engineering geology analysis of all aspects on the basis of the calculus has been through the flood elevation and the top weir overflow weir orifice width, and the design water level and flow, school nuclear level and flow.Through geologi
5、cal terrain of the site location analysis yard, set the location of the dam axis. After comparing several technical and economic rationality of the possibility of qualitative analysis, the dam type for core wall of earth-rock dam. On this basis the overall characterization of the hub to set up their
6、 equipment.The first design of the main buildings in the following areas. Through the program compared to the structure of the selected type of dam, impervious foundation to deal with the development of the form and size of the main dam. By calculating and soil characteristics of all aspects of the
7、analysis of clay and sand yard yard Selection. Selection of dam cross-section and about the middle of a cross-section of the abutment seepage calculation to determine the penetration depth of flow and escape, and the mapping of network maps, checking whether or not to meet the requirements of penetr
8、ation gradient. Prone to sliding of earth-rock dam failure, the result will be to calculate its stability. Line method through the use of simple programming in the several conditions on the downstream water level of the minimum safety factor of slope, validation and standardization of its stability.
9、 Finalization of the dam body structure, including the anti-seepage, drainage facilities filter layer, the top of the dam, slope protection and so on.The design considerations and other factors to determine its location using the flood discharge tunnel. Tunnel to determine the structure and main dim
10、ensions (Import paragraph, Ping-dong, and energy dissipation), the overall layout of the construction. Hydraulic calculation through the tunnel (mainly for conservation of energy of the water line) to determine the final hole size and body size. Finally, empty tunnel release details and design. Eart
11、h-rock dam design is an important aspect of graduation, one of the design. During the design of a total of nine weeks to complete. The design process of the dam has been Wang Lingling teachers guidance and help in this thanks. For the design inappropriate and wrong, the urge criticism.Key words: ear
12、thdam core wall tunnel water line 目 录摘 要- 1 -ABSTRACT- 2 -第一章 前言- 8 -1.1 毕业设计主要目的和作用- 8 -1.2 设计的对象和背景- 8 -1.3 设计过程和方法- 8 -1.3.1了解任务书和熟悉、分析原始资料- 8 -1.3.2洪水调节计算- 8 -1.3.3主要建筑物形式选择和水利枢纽布置- 8 -1.3.4第一主要建筑物拦河坝设计- 8 -1.3.5第二主要建筑物坝外泄水道设计- 9 -1.4 预期效果- 9 -第二章 工程概况- 10 -2.1 流域概况- 10 -2.2 气候特征- 10 -2.2.1 气温-
13、10 -2.2.2湿度- 10 -2.2.3降水量- 11 -2.2.4 风力及风向- 11 -2.3 水文特征- 11 -2.3.1 年日常径流- 11 -2.3.2 洪峰流量- 12 -2.3.3 固体径流- 12 -2.4 工程地质- 12 -2.4.1 水库地质- 12 -2.4.2 坝址地质- 12 -2.4.3 地质构造- 15 -2.4.4 水文地质条件- 15 -2.4.5 地震- 15 -2.5 建筑材料- 15 -2.5.1 料场的位置与储量- 15 -2.5.2 物理力学性质- 16 -2.6 经济资料- 19 -2.6.1 库区经济- 19 -2.6.2 交通运输- 1
14、9 -2.7 枢纽任务- 19 -2.8枢纽特征- 19 -2.8.1 发电- 19 -2.8.2 灌溉- 20 -2.8.3 防洪- 20 -2.8.4 渔业- 20 -2.8.5 其它- 20 -第三章 设计条件和设计依据213.1 设计任务213.1.1 洪水调节计算213.1.2 主要建筑物型式选择和水利枢纽布置213.1.3 第一主要建筑物大坝设计213.1.4 第二主要建筑物泄水建筑物设计213.2 设计依据21第四章 洪水调节计算224.1 洪水调节计算原理224.1.1 工程等别及建筑物级别224.1.2泄洪方式与水库运用方案224.1.3 调洪演算原理234.2 堰顶高程及泄
15、洪孔口的选择234.2.1 堰顶高程及孔口尺寸选择原则234.2.2 方案拟定234.3 调洪演算结果与方案选择234.3.1 调洪演算结果244.3.2 方案选择24第五章 坝型选择及枢纽布置265.1坝址及坝型选择265.1.1坝址选择265.2.1 坝型选择265.2枢纽组成建筑物295.2.1 挡水建筑物295.2.2 泄水建筑物295.2.3 水电站建筑物305.3 枢纽总体布置315.3.1 挡水建筑物315.3.2 泄水建筑物325.3.3 水电站建筑物34第六章 大坝设计356.1土石坝坝型选择356.1.1 土石坝坝型综述356.1.2 该江水利枢纽工程坝型选择356.2 大坝的轮廓尺寸与排水防渗体366.2.1 坝顶宽度366.2.2 坝坡与戗道366.2.3 坝顶高程366.2.4 坝体排水386.2.5 坝内防渗体396.2.6 坝基防渗406.2.7 护坡406.2.8 坝面排水426.3 土料设计426.3.1 粘性土料设计
