1、毕 业 设 计（论 文）外 文 参 考 资 料 及 译 文译文题目：起重机的发展、机械运用、机械原理 学生姓名： 学号： 专业： 所在学院： 指导教师： 职称： 20xx年 02 月 25 日外文原文Crane development, mechanical application, mechanical principleOne.Crane developmentAs in recent years the rapid development of industry of our country large-scale infrastructure construction, energy,
2、 real estate, petrochemical industry and shipbuilding industry, and so, continues to expand the scale of industrial production, the proportion of increasing efficiency of production, and production process of material handling expenses increased, the increasing demand to make large or high-speed cra
3、ne. Weight is more and more big, work more and more frequently, and on the energy consumption and reliability of proposed higher requirements. Crane has become an important part of the automation production process. Crane is not only better use, easy maintenance, convenient operation and better secu
4、rity, fault less MTBF working hours to Long. Reliability is the focus of international competition in the product market, many foreign companies have developed internal control standards for reliability. The crane performance to catch up with the world advanced level, the key is to change the tradit
5、ional concept of thinking, improve the reliability and the crane has excellent durability, trouble free, maintainability and use economy.The diversity of modern industrial means of production and the demand of the user, so that special crane market continues to expand, increasing varieties, with spe
6、cial functions to meet the special need, give full play to the best utility. Special metallurgical crane, explosion-proof, anti-corrosion, insulation crane and railway, ships, special purpose vehicle crane and some special industry and special crane function continues to increase, constantly improve
7、 the performance, adaptability is stronger than ever.Many cranes are produced into the bulk of the series of products, the system multi objective global optimization method for design of crane series has become a focus on the development, through a comprehensive consideration of performance, cost, t
8、echnology, production management and batch manufacturing, use and maintenance of various factors of main parameters of reasonable matching, to to improve the performance of the whole. For reducing the cost of manufacture and improving the level of generalization, the less the number of standard part
9、s composed of many varieties, specifications of series of products, fully meet the needs of users.Modular design instead of the traditional design method of machine, crane on the basic functions of the same components, components and parts made for a variety of purposes, have the same connection ele
10、ments and interchangeable standard module, through the combination of different modules, the formation of different types and specifications of the crane. The crane is improved, just for afew modules. New crane design, only need to choose different modules to combine. Due to the improvement of the l
11、evel of generalization, the single piece and small batch production of the products change with considerable quantities of module production, achieve high efficiency of specialized production, reduce the manufacturing cost. With fewer modules, combined into a multi product A kind of crane, meet the
12、market demand, increase the ability of competition.To derive a general method of product distribution, Finland KONE crane company design of bridge crane fully consider the module, the series, the whole mechanism, components and parts with each other between the parameter matching, the ability to ach
13、ieve the most economic and reasonable collocation effect. The weight and the lifting speed is constant lifting mechanism is mainly component reaches the maximum. Then through the pulley ratio changes more specifications. The company at the end of the beam and girder is adopted between the friction r
14、ing and high strength bolt connection, improves the interchangeability and size precision and reduce the joint surface machining. And any girder can be quickly and effectively connected. For single girder and double girder Two forms of beam end module, according to the length and weight, can determi
15、ne the applicable end beam model. And the companys sh series end beam using the eccentric adjusting design. At the end of the beam and girder assembled appear diagonal error by changing the wheel fixed way to correct.The updating and development of the crane, depends to a large extent on improvement
16、 of the electric transmission and control. Combine automation technology and mechanical technology, advanced microelectronic technology, power electronics technology, optical cable communication technology, hydraulic technology, fuzzy control technology is applied to the mechanical drive and control s
